Surfacing mixture for pavements and other structures.



FRANKIE. WELSH, or 'nronr'aolvn, oamronma.

IVo Drawing.

To allivhom it may concern:

- Be it known that I, FRANK-H. WVELsHy a citizen of theUnited States, residing at Richmond, in the county of Contra Costa and State of California, have invented certainnew and useful Improvements in Surfacing Mixtures for Pavements and other Struc' tion.' i v My invention relates to compositions of tures, of which the following is a specificamatter of the asphalt type.

The primary object of my inventlonis to provide a. composition of matter welladapt ed for use asa surfacing mixture for pavements of 1 roads, old or new, sidewalks, cellarsand other structures. It may also be used for waterproofing roofs, sewer and water pipe, brick structures; and, reservoirs,

: complete pavements, and as a binder or filler in the construction of roads, streets and sldeand fordamp-proofing foundations. Finally, it may be used also n the construction of Walksof all-classes and specifications. v My composition of matter consists essentially of the asphalt residuum of steam-distilled crude-petroleum as'I shallhereinafter describe, and a special crude petroleum air.-v treated product which it shall fullydescribe,

the two being mixed under conditions of temperature and in the proportions substan- .tially as hereinafter specified. To these essential ingredients may be added, if neces sary, as, for example, to harden or toughen the mixture, a small amount of carbonate of lime; f Y

The asphalt usedin my composition isthe product'of the following preparation, and

may, for convenience, be termed steam .dis-' tilled asphalt. Crudeoil is subjected to the well known process of steam distillatibn, by

' which all the lighter oils are. fractioned ofi and removed either in one continuous stream from which the several cuts are made to define gasolene, engine distillate, burning oil or kerosene, etc., or 1n several OpGIfitlOIlS, to

more thoroughly remove these 'fractions, so

that a residue remains, which has the requiredductility and penetration for a parti'cular brand or purpose. This residue is then drawn ofi', run through coolers to reduce its temperature and finally is run into barrels and stored or sold as asphalt of a certain degree of penetration and ductility. This is the asphalt of commerce and from it,

as has been stated, all the lighter oils'or frac- Specification of Letters Eta-tent.

penetration and ductility,

sunracms MIXTURE ronravnmnlvrs Ann OTHER srnuo'runns.

raoa asa Patented-Dec. is, rare.

- 1 Appl i-catio n'filed February 21,1916. SeriaI-NOJWLW.

dtionsof the original'crude oil have been removed.

The special petroleum product which forms the; other essential ingredient of my'compositionis-the result of the following well known preparation, and may conveniently be termed an air-blown petroleum product.

Crude oil is subjected ,in a still to heat and is treated with air blowninto itunder pres- 'sure, the temperature and duration being such as to gradually thickenthe mass until it reaches the required penetration'and'ductility.. During this operationthe lighter oils are not removed. The batch'or mix is left in the still until it is reduced to its proper and it is then drawn ofi, cooled and barreled, as in the case of the commercial asphalt. This air-blown petroleum product comes from the 'stillas a tough, rubbery mass, containing nearly all the ingredients of the original crude oil, but

changed: in chemical combination. It con tains more. carbon than does the commercial asphalt, or'rather, the air blowing separates the carbon more than does the steam blow- 'ing.

(lommercial asphalt in'itself becomes dry and hard with use and is'brittle. 'The airblown petroleum product has the toughness and resistance to abrasion that asphalt lacks, but it has so much free carbon that it is lacking in the cohesion requiredlfor ductility. The proper mixing of the two givesa composition which has all the plastic consistency of the asphalt, added to the tough, rubbery, wearing qualities ofthe air-blown product, and the oils present keep the mixture'from oarbo-nizing and thus losing 00- hesiveness, said mixture having the required resistance to abrasion and a resiliency not possible with asphalt alone;

Having now described the essential ingredients of'rny composition, the following statement of their mixing,- both as to term perature conditions and proportions will be understood. This statement is, however,

given .only'as one example of themixing,

for the temperature and proportions will vary according to climatic conditions prevalent in the locality where the composition is to be used, such variation being dependent upon the results sought, as 'to hardness, toughness, durability, etc., which desiderata are all well known to those skilled in the art and are within the common knowledge of and may be carried out by practitioners,

' when once informed, as bythis specification and example,- of' the advantageous result 'pei'ature which follows the production of my mixture.

The mixture is made as follows: steam distilled crude petroleum residuum asphalt 70%1by weight, crude petroleum air blown product by Weight. To which may be added carbonate of lime 10% by weight.

These ingredients are mixed under atemof not less than 350 degrees Fahr. In practice, I prefer to use asphalt of 150 degrees penetration, D. C. standard. The

air-blown product is generally known on the market as petrolastic cement, and the kind I- prefer to use is-known commercially as No. XXX50.

The mixture should'be used at a tempera ture of notlless than 350 degrees Falnz, and is applied as a surfacer by means of pressure or gravity atomizer-s, sprayers, squijlgees,

' buckets, pails, etc.

I am aware of asphaltic cements composed of residual bitumens and a relatively small percentage, not exceeding 10% of a blown oil flux, the latter being used to soften the bitumen. These cements are particularly are, therefore, used only in a. mixture with a suitable aggre'gatefthe mixture being carefully prepared prior to laying on the street and as cautiously used lest it be too soft or i too hard. Without this aggregate they are.

unsuitable for: paving purposes, and cannot be used for surfacing. v i i I claim I An asphaltic surfacing composition devoid of aggregate and comprising a mixture of steam-distilled, crude-petroleum residuum asphalt from'wliiclithe volatile con-f stituents have beenremoved, and substantially 20% by Weight of a product derived I affected by temperature changes, and they from crude petroleum by treating it While under heat with air under pressure, Without removing its volatile constituents, substantially as described.

In'testimony: whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of 

